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Des protéines élémentaires ont pu réparer des cellules nerveuses lésées21/03/2007 C'est un fait : quand des cellules nerveuses sont détruites, elles ne peuvent pas se régénérer. Les dommages aux cellules nerveuses se produisent suite à des lésions du cordon médullaire, des lésions traumatiques du cerveau et des AVC. Mais, Rutledge Ellis-Behnke du Massachusetts Institute of Technology à Boston, espère sauver ces cellules et sauver la moelle épinière et le cerveau avec le procédé.La technique d'Ellis-Behnke permet en fait aux cellules nerveuses de repousser. Cela fonctionne en injectant de minuscules fils d’acides aminés dans le secteur blessé du cerveau. Les acides aminés sont les briques élémentaires pour le corps. Une fois injectés, les acides aminés forment une structure pour que des cellules nerveuses s’y développent à travers et autour."En résumé, c'est une série d'acides aminés, et ça ressemble à un peigne. Ce sont des filaments hydrophiles... Et ce qui se produit est, quand ils se retrouvent en proximité étroite entre eux, qu’ils s'auto-assemblent dans un ruban qui a des filaments au-dessus, ainsi cela ressemble à un ruban filamenteux. Vous injectez ceci dans la zone qui a été lésée dans le cerveau, et ça forme un gel. Cela permet au cerveau de se guérir naturellement, des axones poussent, se rebranchent... Cela permet un retour fonctionnel", dit Ellis-Behnke.Dans une étude sur des hamsters avec la vision endommagée, Ellis-Behnke et son équipe ont injecté les acides aminés dans les cerveaux des hamsters. Il a rapporté que 75 % des hamsters ont regagné leur vue. Dr. Ellis-Behnke dit que la technique serait d'abord employée pendant les chirurgies du cerveau pour aider à guérir les zones lésées par la chirurgie. Il est confiant que cela se produira dans un délai de cinq ans.(…)=========================== :arrow: TEXTE ORIGINAL EN ANGLAIS ===========================Simple proteins could fix damaged nerve cells3/21/2007 3:53 PMIt's a fact of life: when nerve cells are destroyed, they can't be restored. Damage to nerve cells occurs after spinal cord injuries, traumatic brain injuries and strokes. But, Rutledge Ellis-Behnke, from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Boston, is hoping to save those cells and save the spine and the brain in the process.Ellis-Behnke's technique allows nerve cells to actually regrow. He does it by injecting tiny strings of amino acids into the injured area of the brain. Amino acids are the building blocks for the body. Once injected, the amino acids form a framework for parts of the nerve cells to grow through and around."Basically, it's a series of amino acids, and it looks just like a comb. These are hydrophilic fingers ... And what happens is, when they come in close proximity to each other, they will self-assemble into a ribbon that has fingers on it, so it looks like fibrous ribbon. You inject this into the area that has been injured in the brain, and it forms a gel. It actually causes the brain to heal itself, where we have axons growing through the center; reconnecting ... We see functional return," Ellis-Behnke said.In a study of hamsters with damaged vision, Ellis-Behnke and his team injected the amino acids into the hamsters' brains. He reports 75 percent of the hamsters regained their sight. Dr. Ellis-Behnke says the technique would first be used during brain surgeries to help heal the areas that are injured by the surgery. He's optimistic this will happen within five years.James Cook from the University of Missouri-Columbia is working on another body part. He's creating biological, living-cell implants for the knee and doing away with standard plastic and metal implants. His work has been studied in dogs with great success.The knee is created by a computer to fit each patient's specific needs. Using the computer scans of the patient, donor cells are grown into a specific "mold"."We take those cells and we actually grow them to start to make a tissue and then we prepare them to go back in your body. We exercise the cells in the laboratory, so they are ready to go into your joint," Cook said.The cells are actually exercised with a machine, so they develop into working, adaptable cartilage to be put in the knee.The problem with today's standard implants is that as soon as they are implanted, they start to degenerate. Cook says these biologic implants would have just the opposite effect. They'd actually get stronger and better over time."Instead of getting worse from the day you put it in, it is actually getting better. It will become more used to what you do. If you play tennis, it's going to look different than someone who swims. If you walk, and you are a man, versus a woman, who jogs, it's going to look different. It's going to adapt to your activity," Cook said.Right now, the technique is being used in dogs with bad knees. Cook hopes and expects the research to make it to human trials. For humans, the implants would not only help knees, but could also be used for bad hip joints and arthritic hands. Source : http://www.news8austin.com/content/headlines/?ArID=181165&SecID=2